Explore the cosmos

Our Solar System

Eight planets, five recognized dwarf planets, two major debris belts, and one extraordinary star — explore them all.

SunMercuryVenusEarthMarsJupiterSaturnUranusNeptunePluto

The Planets

From scorching Mercury to icy Neptune — and our favorite dwarf planet.

Mercury

Smallest planet
Diameter:4,879 km
Distance:0.39 AU
Year:88 days
Temp:-180 to 430 C
Moons:0
Day:59 Earth days

Venus

Hottest planet
Diameter:12,104 km
Distance:0.72 AU
Year:225 days
Temp:462 C (average)
Moons:0
Day:243 Earth days

Earth

Our home
Diameter:12,742 km
Distance:1 AU
Year:365.25 days
Temp:-89 to 57 C
Moons:1
Day:24 hours

Mars

The Red Planet
Diameter:6,779 km
Distance:1.52 AU
Year:687 days
Temp:-140 to 20 C
Moons:2
Day:24h 37m

Jupiter

Largest planet
Diameter:139,820 km
Distance:5.2 AU
Year:11.86 years
Temp:-145 C (cloud top)
Moons:95
Day:9h 56m

Saturn

The Rings
Diameter:116,460 km
Distance:9.54 AU
Year:29.46 years
Temp:-178 C (cloud top)
Moons:146
Day:10h 42m

Uranus

Tilted axis
Diameter:50,724 km
Distance:19.2 AU
Year:84 years
Temp:-224 C
Moons:28
Day:17h 14m

Neptune

Windiest planet
Diameter:49,528 km
Distance:30.06 AU
Year:164.8 years
Temp:-218 C
Moons:16
Day:16h 6m

Pluto

Dwarf planet
Diameter:2,377 km
Distance:39.48 AU
Year:248 years
Temp:-233 to -223 C
Moons:5
Day:6.4 Earth days

Size Comparison

How the planets stack up by diameter.

Mercury
4,879 km
Venus
12,104 km
Earth
12,742 km
Mars
6,779 km
Jupiter
139,820 km
Saturn
116,460 km
Uranus
50,724 km
Neptune
49,528 km
Pluto
2,377 km

Planet Comparison

Side-by-side metrics for every planet in the Solar System.

PlanetDiameter (km)Distance (AU)MoonsTemperatureYear Length
Mercury
4,8790.390-180 to 430 C88 days
Venus
12,1040.720462 C (average)225 days
Earth
12,74211-89 to 57 C365.25 days
Mars
6,7791.522-140 to 20 C687 days
Jupiter
139,8205.295-145 C (cloud top)11.86 years
Saturn
116,4609.54146-178 C (cloud top)29.46 years
Uranus
50,72419.228-224 C84 years
Neptune
49,52830.0616-218 C164.8 years
Pluto(dwarf)
2,37739.485-233 to -223 C248 years

Dwarf Planets

Small worlds with big stories — the five IAU-recognized dwarf planets.

Pluto

Distance: 29.7 - 49.3 AU
Diameter: 2,377 km
Year: 248 years
Moons: 5

Has a heart-shaped nitrogen glacier and a thin, seasonally variable atmosphere.

Eris

Distance: 37.9 - 97.6 AU
Diameter: 2,326 km
Year: 559 years
Moons: 1

Its discovery in 2005 prompted the IAU to redefine "planet", reclassifying Pluto.

Ceres

Distance: 2.56 - 2.98 AU
Diameter: 946 km
Year: 4.6 years
Moons: 0

The largest object in the Asteroid Belt and the closest dwarf planet to the Sun.

Makemake

Distance: 38.6 - 53.1 AU
Diameter: 1,430 km
Year: 306 years
Moons: 1

Named after the Rapa Nui god of fertility; one of the brightest Kuiper Belt objects.

Haumea

Distance: 34.7 - 51.5 AU
Diameter: ~1,632 km (elongated)
Year: 285 years
Moons: 2

Shaped like an elongated egg due to its ultra-fast 4-hour rotation and has its own ring system.

Asteroid Belt & Kuiper Belt

Two vast regions of rocky and icy debris that shaped our Solar System.

Kuiper BeltAsteroid Belt

Asteroid Belt

Located between Mars and Jupiter (2.2 - 3.2 AU from the Sun), the Asteroid Belt contains millions of rocky bodies left over from the Solar System's formation 4.6 billion years ago.

Despite what movies suggest, the belt is mostly empty space. The total mass of all asteroids combined is only about 4% of Earth's Moon. The largest object, Ceres, accounts for roughly a third of the belt's total mass.

2.2 - 3.2 AU
Distance from Sun
~1.1M
Known asteroids (1 km+)

Kuiper Belt

Extending from Neptune's orbit (~30 AU) out to roughly 50 AU, the Kuiper Belt is a vast ring of icy bodies, including dwarf planets Pluto, Eris, Makemake, and Haumea.

It is estimated to contain hundreds of thousands of objects larger than 100 km and trillions of smaller icy bodies. The belt is also the source of many short-period comets.

30 - 50 AU
Distance from Sun
20x wider
Than the Asteroid Belt